How our calculators work

India: FY 2026-27 (AY 2027-28), New Tax Regime

• Gross salary = CTC − employer PF (and gratuity if included in CTC).
• Taxable income = gross − ₹75,000 standard deduction; no HRA/80C under the new regime.
• Section 87A rebate up to ₹60,000 for taxable income ≤ ₹12 lakh, with marginal relief just above it; 4% cess; surcharge above ₹50 lakh.
• Default assumptions: basic = 50% of CTC, PF capped at ₹1,800/month, ₹2,400 professional tax.
• Old regime (comparison calculator): ₹50,000 standard deduction; HRA exemption = least of HRA received, rent − 10% of basic, 50%/40% of basic; 80C ≤ ₹1.5 lakh, 80CCD(1B) ≤ ₹50,000, 80D ≤ ₹25,000 + ₹50,000 (parents 60+), 24(b) ≤ ₹2 lakh, professional tax ≤ ₹2,500; 87A rebate up to ₹12,500 for taxable income ≤ ₹5 lakh; individuals below 60.
• Surcharge (both regimes) includes marginal relief: tax plus surcharge never exceeds the tax at ₹50 lakh, ₹1 crore, ₹2 crore or ₹5 crore plus the income above that threshold.
• From 1 April 2026 the Income-tax Act, 2025 replaces the Income-tax Act, 1961 and renumbers its sections. The Union Budget 2026-27 kept the slabs, standard deduction and rebate above unchanged for FY 2026-27; we still quote the familiar 1961 section numbers (87A, 80C, 10(13A)) because payslips, Form 16 and most guidance use them.

Official sources: Income Tax Department — Tax slabs · Union Budget 2026-27 (slabs unchanged from 2025-26) · EPFO — contribution rates

Rates last reviewed: 2026-10-04

United States: Tax year 2026, single filer (federal)

• Federal income tax on (gross − pre-tax deductions − standard deduction) using the 2026 brackets for single, married filing jointly or head of household.
• W-2: 6.2% Social Security up to the wage base + 1.45% Medicare, plus 0.9% Additional Medicare Tax above $200,000 (single/head of household) or $250,000 (joint).
• Traditional 401(k) reduces income-tax wages but not FICA wages; Section 125 health premiums reduce both.
• 1099: self-employment tax on 92.35% of net earnings, half of it deducted before income tax.
• State income tax (paycheck calculator): Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Virginia use each state’s published brackets, deduction/exemption and credits — the table year is shown next to the state and may lag the federal year. Texas, Florida, Washington, Nevada and Tennessee do not tax wages. Head-of-household filers use single brackets for California and Illinois. Pennsylvania taxes employee 401(k) contributions, so they are not deducted from Pennsylvania wages; Pennsylvania local earned income taxes, Michigan and Ohio city income taxes and Ohio school district taxes are not included; Ohio’s small personal exemption is not applied. Arizona and Colorado follow the federal standard deduction, because both states start from federal income.
• Not included: city/local taxes (e.g. NYC), state disability and paid-leave payroll premiums (CA SDI, NY SDI/PFL, WA Cares/PFML), and extra W-4 withholding.

Official sources: IRS — 2026 inflation adjustments (Rev. Proc. 2025-32) · SSA — Contribution and benefit base · IRS — Self-employment tax

Rates last reviewed: 2026-09-28

United Kingdom: 2026/27 tax year (England, Wales & Northern Ireland)

• Personal Allowance of £12,570, tapered by £1 for every £2 above £100,000.
• Income Tax bands for England, Wales and Northern Ireland; Scottish rates are not applied.
• Employee Class 1 National Insurance: 8% between £12,570 and £50,270, 2% above.
• Assumes a 1257L tax code and no pension, student loan or benefits in kind.

Official sources: GOV.UK — Income Tax rates and Personal Allowances · GOV.UK — National Insurance rates and categories

Rates last reviewed: 2026-09-28

How we keep numbers current

• India: rates are re-checked after the Union Budget (1 February) and at the start of each financial year (1 April).
• United States: rates are updated when the IRS publishes the next year's inflation adjustments (usually October–November) and the SSA announces the new wage base.
• United Kingdom: rates are re-checked after the Budget and before the tax year starts on 6 April.
• Every change is tested against hand-worked examples before it is published.

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